{"schema_version":"mostlyright-public-catalog.v1","dataset":{"id":"5824cd94-b2cb-40ba-a7e0-ae848b371ba7","slug":"european-harvests-and-weather-20002024","title":"European harvests and weather, 2000–2024","summary":"**Explore how European crop yields vary with early-season weather and FAO price context.** This fixed snapshot covers five crops across 69 regions from 2000 to 2024, with one row per region, crop, and harvest year. Use it for regional yield models with a June 1 predictor cutoff.\n\nWeather is a single grid point per region, not a cropland-weighted average.\n\n## Coverage\n- Geography: 69 regions in Czechia, Austria, Poland, Germany and metropolitan France. Germany uses NUTS 1 states. The others use NUTS 2 regions.\n- Grain: region × crop × harvest year. Verified 7,596 records and 47 columns after matching positive crop area to reported production.\n- Crops: common wheat and spelt, barley, grain maize, rapeseed and potatoes.\n- Window: harvests in 2000–2024, with varying regional histories. Snapshot only. No scheduled updates.\n- Predictor cutoff: June 1. Weather uses January 1–May 31. FAO prices use January–April to allow for monthly publication delay.\n\n## Columns\n- `country`, `region`, `region_name`, `nuts_level`, `crop_code`, `crop_name`, `harvest_year`: identifiers and classifications.\n- `predictor_cutoff`: June 1 of the harvest year, a date cutoff, not a historical release-vintage guarantee.\n- `weather_latitude`, `weather_longitude`: GISCO cartographic label point used for the NASA request.\n- `outcome_area_ha`, `outcome_production_t`, `outcome_yield_t_ha`: reported area, final production at EU standard humidity and production/area yield. Exclude all three from predictors. Yield is the continuous outcome. Define a poor-harvest threshold downstream.\n- `crop_observation_flags`: original Eurostat provisional, estimate or break flags, combined across area and production.\n- `weather_days`, `complete_weather_days`: observed and complete days, expected 151 or 152 each year.\n- `jan_may_mean_temp_c`, `jan_may_max_temp_c`, `jan_may_min_temp_c`: mean temperature and extremes, degrees C.\n- `jan_may_rainfall_mm`, `jan_may_humidity_pct`, `jan_may_solar_mj_m2`: accumulated precipitation, mean humidity and accumulated shortwave irradiance.\n- `jan_may_frost_days`, `jan_may_hot_days`, `jan_may_dry_days`: days below 0 C minimum, at least 30 C maximum, or below 1 mm precipitation.\n- `jan_*` through `may_*`: monthly temperature means, precipitation totals and shortwave irradiance totals.\n- `fao_food_*`, `fao_cereals_*`, `fao_oils_*`: January–April means and April levels, 2014–2016=100. `fao_months` verifies four observations.\n\n## Missing values\nRows without reported production or a positive area are excluded. No area or yield is imputed. NASA -999 sentinels become null. Complete early-year weather and FAO coverage are checked before accepting the table. Zero production with positive area is retained.\n\n## Suitable for\n- Regional yield and weather exploration, maps and simple prediction baselines.\n- Comparing heat, rain, frost and market conditions across crops.\n- Downstream poor-harvest modelling with year-based and region-based validation. Weather repeats across crops within a region/year. Commodity prices repeat across regions. Rows are not independent trials.\n\nWeather is a local grid proxy at a cartographic label point, not a cropland-weighted regional average. Predictors omit the previous autumn, soils, irrigation and farm management. Series use current region identifiers where observations exist, without reconstructing past boundaries. Revised source data and weather reanalysis are not historical release vintages, so this table does not prove real-time forecast performance.\n\n## Source and rights\nEurostat APRO_CPSHR and GISCO NUTS 2024. NASA POWER MERRA-2/CERES. FAO Food Price Index, accessed 9 September 2026. Derived by projection, unit conversion, weather aggregation and joins. Attribute original publishers. No endorsement or responsibility for this derivative is implied. Original data are freely accessible. GISCO geographic reuse conditions apply. Research use, with publisher-specific terms rather than a single blanket licence.","topics":["agriculture","europe","crop yields","eurostat","nasa power","fao","harvest risk"],"publisher":{"handle":"mostlyrightmd","display_name":"Mostly Right","avatar_url":"https://mostlyright.md/api/public/avatars/e70f8c973d16894fcee5cb5aba887feafc75cc0d67419bd0ed321cfde9d0d967.webp","mark":{"background":"#FFC613","facets":["#2B5FE3","#F15B22","#17160F"],"pattern":2,"rotation":90}},"star_count":0,"table_count":1,"row_count":7596,"published_at":"2026-09-12T09:15:59.330Z","updated_at":"2026-10-01T13:38:08.387Z","cover_image_url":"https://storage.googleapis.com/mostlyright-dataset-covers/v1/42927e64-9ee0-49cc-84e3-44337a92543c/b9015cc24aca1b1b938d4d0ea38fbaae0bade938a08e9ac3bb7e4d04cedf10d9.webp","cover_tile_url":"https://storage.googleapis.com/mostlyright-dataset-covers/v1/42927e64-9ee0-49cc-84e3-44337a92543c/b9015cc24aca1b1b938d4d0ea38fbaae0bade938a08e9ac3bb7e4d04cedf10d9.tile.webp","activity":{"views":496,"likes":1},"canonical_url":"https://mostlyright.md/datasets/european-harvests-and-weather-20002024","tables":[{"id":"994c0256-368f-4067-a953-2d9d5f194d28","slug":"regional-harvest-weather","title":"regional_harvest_weather","license":"CC-BY-4.0","schema":{"columns":47,"column_details":[{"name":"country","unit":null,"meaning":"Country code: AT, CZ, DE, FR or PL.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"string"},{"name":"region","unit":null,"meaning":"Current NUTS 2024 code; observed source histories are retained, not spatially reconstructed.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"string"},{"name":"region_name","unit":null,"meaning":"Eurostat GISCO region name.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"string"},{"name":"nuts_level","unit":null,"meaning":"Geographic level: Germany uses NUTS 1; other countries use NUTS 2.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"crop_code","unit":null,"meaning":"Eurostat crop code.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"string"},{"name":"crop_name","unit":null,"meaning":"Common wheat and spelt, barley, grain maize, rapeseed or potatoes.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"string"},{"name":"harvest_year","unit":null,"meaning":"Year of harvested production.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"predictor_cutoff","unit":null,"meaning":"June 1 of harvest year; weather strictly precedes this day and FAO reference months end in April. Not an as-published vintage claim.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"date"},{"name":"weather_latitude","unit":null,"meaning":"NASA request latitude rounded to five decimals from the GISCO label point.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"weather_longitude","unit":null,"meaning":"NASA request longitude rounded to five decimals from the GISCO label point.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"outcome_area_ha","unit":null,"meaning":"Reported crop area in hectares, a contemporaneous harvest outcome; exclude from June predictors.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"outcome_production_t","unit":null,"meaning":"Reported harvested production in tonnes at EU standard humidity; exclude from predictors.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"outcome_yield_t_ha","unit":null,"meaning":"Harvested production divided by positive reported area; continuous observed outcome for downstream modelling.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"crop_observation_flags","unit":null,"meaning":"Combined Eurostat crop flags; empty means none. Preserve provisional, estimate and break information.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"string"},{"name":"weather_days","unit":null,"meaning":"Number of daily observations from January 1 through May 31.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"complete_weather_days","unit":null,"meaning":"Days with all six weather variables present.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"jan_may_mean_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"January–May daily mean temperature average at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_may_max_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"Highest daily maximum temperature observed January–May.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_may_min_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"Lowest daily minimum temperature observed January–May.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_may_rainfall_mm","unit":null,"meaning":"Total corrected precipitation January–May.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_may_humidity_pct","unit":null,"meaning":"Average daily relative humidity January–May.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_may_solar_mj_m2","unit":null,"meaning":"Total daily shortwave irradiance January–May.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_may_frost_days","unit":null,"meaning":"January–May days with daily minimum temperature below 0 C.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"jan_may_hot_days","unit":null,"meaning":"January–May days with daily maximum temperature at least 30 C.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"jan_may_dry_days","unit":null,"meaning":"January–May days with precipitation below 1 mm.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"},{"name":"jan_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"Jan mean daily temperature at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_rainfall_mm","unit":null,"meaning":"Jan total precipitation at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"jan_solar_mj_m2","unit":null,"meaning":"Jan total shortwave irradiance at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"feb_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"Feb mean daily temperature at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"feb_rainfall_mm","unit":null,"meaning":"Feb total precipitation at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"feb_solar_mj_m2","unit":null,"meaning":"Feb total shortwave irradiance at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"mar_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"Mar mean daily temperature at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"mar_rainfall_mm","unit":null,"meaning":"Mar total precipitation at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"mar_solar_mj_m2","unit":null,"meaning":"Mar total shortwave irradiance at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"apr_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"Apr mean daily temperature at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"apr_rainfall_mm","unit":null,"meaning":"Apr total precipitation at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"apr_solar_mj_m2","unit":null,"meaning":"Apr total shortwave irradiance at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"may_temp_c","unit":null,"meaning":"May mean daily temperature at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"may_rainfall_mm","unit":null,"meaning":"May total precipitation at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"may_solar_mj_m2","unit":null,"meaning":"May total shortwave irradiance at the regional label-point grid.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_food_jan_apr_index","unit":null,"meaning":"January–April mean global food price index, 2014–2016=100.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_food_apr_index","unit":null,"meaning":"April global food price index, 2014–2016=100.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_cereals_jan_apr_index","unit":null,"meaning":"January–April mean global cereals price index, 2014–2016=100.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_cereals_apr_index","unit":null,"meaning":"April global cereals price index, 2014–2016=100.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_oils_jan_apr_index","unit":null,"meaning":"January–April mean global oils price index, 2014–2016=100.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_oils_apr_index","unit":null,"meaning":"April global oils price index, 2014–2016=100.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"decimal"},{"name":"fao_months","unit":null,"meaning":"Number of January–April FAO observations used.","nullable":null,"logical_type":"integer"}],"schema_version":"mostlyright.cloud.released-schema-summary.v1"},"preview_enabled":true,"download_enabled":true,"version_id":"308eb3c9-eb59-505b-8495-b56e53a9d2e9"}]}}